9月28日，由中國貿(mào)促會和國際商會（ICC）聯(lián)合主辦的“堅持開放合作，重振全球經(jīng)濟(jì)”工商界線上特別會議成功舉行。會議發(fā)布了高燕會長和國際商會秘書長約翰·丹頓共同簽署的主席聲明。該聲明匯總了全球工商界在保持貿(mào)易暢通、維持全球供應(yīng)鏈穩(wěn)定、促進(jìn)外商直接投資、支持中小微企業(yè)、加強(qiáng)全球合作等五方面的共識，發(fā)出了加強(qiáng)協(xié)作，開放市場，共克時艱的聲音，為全球合作抗疫和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇注入正能量。
聲明內(nèi)容如下：
Summary of Outcomes
Joint Conference On Reviving the Global Economy by Opening Markets and Enhancing Cooperation
The outbreak of COVID-19 has caused multi-dimensional impacts of great magnitude to the world. It has disrupted the global trade and investment ecosystem. The World Trade Organization (WTO) estimated an 18.5% decline in merchandise trade in the second quarter of 2020, and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) projects that the pandemic may cause a decline of up to 40% in global foreign direct investment (FDI) this year. An estimated US $5 trillion of capital will be needed to support a rebound in trade in 2021 alone.
In this context, we, on behalf of the China Council for Promotion of International Trade (CCPIT) and the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) co-hosted the Joint Conference on Reviving the Global Economy by Opening Markets and Enhancing Cooperation on 28 September, 2020. We are aware that we live in a community with a shared future and an interconnected global economy shaped by supply chains and governed by national trade policies, and that this sets a clear case for coordinated action from all stakeholders in addressing the human and economic toll of COVID-19. Against this backdrop, governments and business communities around the world should work together in a coordinated manner to promote open markets and international cooperation and to take necessary actions that mitigate the overall impact of COVID-19 and revive the global economy at this difficult time:
Keep trade flowing
In a deeply integrated and interconnected world, it is impossible for any economy to be entirely self-sufficient in the essential tools to fight the pandemic. Therefore, we call for the removal of trade restrictions and the reduction of tariffs on critical medical supplies and other necessities, including basic hygiene products and food. Any remaining restrictions on these essential products to fight against COVID-19 should be targeted, proportionate, transparent and temporary. We also call on governments to implement the WTO Trade
Facilitation Agreement (TFA) to ensure express clearance and release of these goods at the border, including measures such as authorized economic operator and pre-arrival processing tools. Developed and least developed countries should work with the programs offered by donors and development partners that support implementation of the TFA, such as the Global Alliance for Trade Facilitation, and with the private sector to identify priority trade facilitation measures. In addition, governments are encouraged to take measures to maintain cross-border logistics functioning, including the development of modified and expedited quarantine processes for freight operators transporting essential goods by air, sea or land.
Make global supply chains secure, stable and resilient
We have to minimize the disruption COVID-19 has brought to global value chains and supply chains and resist any temptation towards de-globalization. Therefore, we reaffirm our commitment to a stable, open and secure global supply chain not only for emergency response, but also in the post-pandemic recovery phase. To that end, we encourage governments to collaborate and adopt digital solutions that will improve business’ ability to strengthen their supply chains as well as enable seamless cross-border business, including through e-commerce, blockchain and cloud computing. In this connection, we call on countries to advance the plurilateral Joint Statement Initiative on E-commerce negotiations, with a view to finalizing an agreement by the next WTO Ministerial Conference. In addition, we urge governments to provide the legal framework necessary for paperless trading, by adopting and implementing the UNCITRAL Model Law on Electronic Transferable Records. We also call on governments to refrain from imposing new tariff and non-tariff barriers that would have negative effects on global supply chains, such as forcing businesses to shorten or regionalize their supply chains. To the extent that governments foresee the need for measures aimed at protecting national security or human, animal or plant life, such measures should be taken on a good faith basis and in compliance with WTO regulations, and not as disguised restrictions on international trade.
Boost global FDI flows
Investment is one of the most important engines for economic growth and, in particular, FDI is much needed by many developing countries. However, global FDI flows will be under severe pressure this year as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, and flows to developing countries will be hit especially hard. Therefore, we support the facilitation of open and orderly flows of international capital and investments and encourage the current push to advance the negotiation of the agreement on investment facilitation in the WTO. Core objectives include improved transparency and predictability of investment frameworks, streamlined administrative procedures, enhanced international cooperation, sustainability, and due respect to host members’ rights to regulate their core economic interests. The agreement should also enhance international cooperation and promote increased developing countries’ and least developed countries’ participation in global investment flows by providing technical assistance and capacity building. The negotiation process should be open, transparent, and inclusive. We urge governments to conclude negotiation of the agreement on investment facilitation under the WTO at the next Ministerial Conference.
Preserve and support MSMEs
MSMEs are vital drivers of economic growth and social opportunity, including due to their role in employment. MSMEs have been disproportionately impacted by the effect of COVID-19, as they are more vulnerable to the liquidity squeeze, unstable financial markets and the severe contraction in both supply and demand compared to their larger counterparts. Therefore, we call on governments to provide support packages that correspond to the needs of MSMEs and assist them to weather the storm. In particular, we encourage governments to enhance the financial inclusion of MSMEs and provide favorable trade finance polices to MSMEs to ensure their access to needed capital and to support ongoing production in critical sectors and keep credit flowing. We also call on governments to work with multilateral development banks to allocate more resources and expand existing trade finance facilitation programmes to MSMEs, especially those in developing countries. In addition, necessary efforts must be taken to help MSMEs better capitalize on the development of e-commerce to counter the negative impact of disrupted supply chains and contracted local markets.
Strengthen global cooperation
Humanity is a community with a shared future. Solidarity and cooperation are our most powerful weapons for defeating the COVID-19 pandemic. There is no alternative to global cooperation, collaboration and consensus to overcome this multi-dimensional and systemic crisis. Therefore, we call on governments and international institutions to make concerted efforts to uphold a free, open, fair, non-discriminatory, transparent and predictable trade and investment environment to drive economic recovery at such a challenging time, resisting any temptation to de-globalize and engage in protectionism. In this context, governments should double-down on efforts to improve the effectiveness of the WTO, including by supporting the G20’s Riyadh Initiative aimed at identifying common ground to advance WTO reform and by appointing a new Director-General with a clear vision for WTO reform. We also encourage governments and relevant international institutions to enhance international macro-economic policy coordination to counteract the negative impact of the pandemic and to strive for global economic revival. We encourage governments to implement strong and effective fiscal and monetary policies to keep exchange rates stable, to better coordinate financial regulation to keep global financial markets stable, to preserve and enhance transparency in financing in response to the pandemic, and to jointly keep global supply chains stable.
We reiterate our firm view that through concerted global cooperation and effective measures taken by all stakeholders, public and private, we will be able to contain the human and economic toll of COVID-19 and bring about a global economic recovery.
Gao Yan John W.H. Denton AO
（signature） （signature）
CCPIT ICC
附件1：“堅持開放合作，重振全球經(jīng)濟(jì)”工商界線上特別會議主席聲明
參考譯文：
“堅持開放合作，重振全球經(jīng)濟(jì)”工商界線上特別會議主席聲明
新冠肺炎對世界各國造成了多方面的嚴(yán)重影響，擾亂了全球貿(mào)易和投資。根據(jù)世界貿(mào)易組織估算，2020年第二季度貨物貿(mào)易將下降18.5%。聯(lián)合國貿(mào)易和發(fā)展會議預(yù)測，受疫情影響，今年全球外國直接投資可能下降40%。預(yù)計僅2021年就需要5萬億美元的資金來實現(xiàn)貿(mào)易復(fù)蘇。
在此背景下，中國國際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委員會和國際商會于2020年9月28日共同舉辦了“堅持開放合作，重振全球經(jīng)濟(jì)”工商界線上特別會議。我們認(rèn)識到，各國命運(yùn)緊密相連，全球經(jīng)濟(jì)休戚相關(guān)，都受到供應(yīng)鏈和國家貿(mào)易政策的影響。因此，各方更應(yīng)協(xié)調(diào)行動，共同應(yīng)對新冠肺炎造成的人員和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失。各國政府和企業(yè)界應(yīng)加強(qiáng)協(xié)調(diào)，促進(jìn)開放市場和國際合作，并采取必要行動，減輕新冠肺炎的總體影響，振興全球經(jīng)濟(jì)，共克時艱。
保持貿(mào)易暢通
當(dāng)今世界深度融合、互聯(lián)互通，任何經(jīng)濟(jì)體都不可能實現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)疫基本物資的自給自足。我們呼吁取消對關(guān)鍵醫(yī)療用品和其他必需品，包括基本衛(wèi)生用品和食品的貿(mào)易限制措施，降低關(guān)稅。其余對抗擊疫情關(guān)鍵產(chǎn)品的限制都應(yīng)當(dāng)有針對性、適度、透明、臨時。我們還呼吁各國政府落實世貿(mào)組織《貿(mào)易便利化協(xié)定》，通過經(jīng)認(rèn)證的經(jīng)營者和抵達(dá)前辦理手續(xù)等措施，確保這些貨物快速通關(guān)和放行。發(fā)達(dá)國家和最不發(fā)達(dá)國家應(yīng)與捐助方和發(fā)展伙伴合作，通過全球貿(mào)易便利化聯(lián)盟等項目支持《貿(mào)易便利化協(xié)定》的落實，并與私營部門合作，確定重點(diǎn)貿(mào)易便利化措施。此外，鼓勵各國政府采取措施保持跨境物流暢通，包括為空運(yùn)、海運(yùn)或陸運(yùn)必需品的貨運(yùn)經(jīng)營者完善和加快檢疫程序。
保證全球供應(yīng)鏈安全、穩(wěn)定、強(qiáng)韌
我們必須盡量減少新冠肺炎對全球價值鏈和供應(yīng)鏈造成的破壞，反對逆全球化。因此，我們重申，無論是應(yīng)急時期，還是疫后復(fù)蘇階段，都致力于建立穩(wěn)定、開放和安全的全球供應(yīng)鏈。為此，我們鼓勵各國政府開展合作，采用數(shù)字化解決方案，幫助企業(yè)加強(qiáng)供應(yīng)鏈，并通過電子商務(wù)、區(qū)塊鏈和云計算等方式實現(xiàn)無縫跨境業(yè)務(wù)。為此，我們呼吁各國推動電子商務(wù)聯(lián)合聲明倡議諸邊談判，爭取在下一屆世貿(mào)組織部長級會議前達(dá)成協(xié)議。此外，我們敦促各國政府通過并實施《貿(mào)易法委員會電子可轉(zhuǎn)移記錄示范法》，為無紙化貿(mào)易提供必要的法律框架。我們還呼吁各國政府避免設(shè)置新的關(guān)稅和非關(guān)稅壁壘，如要求企業(yè)縮短供應(yīng)鏈或?qū)⑵鋮^(qū)域化，以免損害全球供應(yīng)鏈。如果各國政府預(yù)見有必要采取措施保護(hù)國家安全或人類和動植物生命健康，此種措施應(yīng)當(dāng)出于善意，并符合世貿(mào)組織的規(guī)定，不得變相限制國際貿(mào)易。
促進(jìn)全球外國直接投資流動
投資是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長最重要的引擎之一，許多發(fā)展中國家尤其需要外國直接投資。然而，受新冠肺炎疫情影響，今年全球外國直接投資流動將面臨嚴(yán)重壓力，流向發(fā)展中國家的投資將受到尤為嚴(yán)重的打擊。因此，我們支持促進(jìn)國際資本和投資開放有序流動，鼓勵在世貿(mào)組織推進(jìn)投資便利化協(xié)定談判工作。核心目標(biāo)包括提高投資框架的透明度和可預(yù)見性、簡化行政程序、加強(qiáng)國際合作、可持續(xù)性、對東道國成員監(jiān)管其核心經(jīng)濟(jì)利益的權(quán)利給予應(yīng)有的尊重。協(xié)定還應(yīng)通過提供技術(shù)援助和能力建設(shè)來加強(qiáng)國際合作，促進(jìn)發(fā)展中國家和最不發(fā)達(dá)國家更多地參與全球投資流動。談判進(jìn)程應(yīng)是公開、透明和包容的。我們敦促各國政府在下一次部長級會議上完成世貿(mào)組織投資便利化協(xié)定談判。
保護(hù)和支持中小微企業(yè)
中小微企業(yè)是促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和創(chuàng)造社會機(jī)會的重要推動力，部分原因在于其在就業(yè)方面的作用。中小微企業(yè)受新冠肺炎疫情影響尤為嚴(yán)重，因為與大型企業(yè)相比，中小微企業(yè)更容易受到流動性緊縮、金融市場不穩(wěn)定和供需嚴(yán)重萎縮的影響。因此，我們呼吁各國政府提供符合中小微企業(yè)需求的一攬子支持，幫助其度過難關(guān)。我們尤其鼓勵各國政府增強(qiáng)對中小微企業(yè)的金融包容性、為其提供優(yōu)惠貿(mào)易融資政策以確保其能夠獲得所需資本，并支持關(guān)鍵部門持續(xù)生產(chǎn)，保持信貸流動。我們還呼吁各國政府與多邊開發(fā)銀行合作，向中小微企業(yè)，特別是發(fā)展中國家的中小微企業(yè)分配更多資源，擴(kuò)大現(xiàn)有貿(mào)易融資便利化計劃。此外，必須開展必要工作，幫助中小微企業(yè)更好地利用電子商務(wù)的發(fā)展來應(yīng)對供應(yīng)鏈中斷和本地市場萎縮帶來的負(fù)面影響。
加強(qiáng)全球合作
人類是命運(yùn)共同體。團(tuán)結(jié)合作是我們戰(zhàn)勝新冠肺炎疫情的最有力武器。除了全球合作、協(xié)作和共識之外，我們無法通過其他方式應(yīng)對這場多方面的系統(tǒng)性危機(jī)。因此，我們呼吁各國政府和國際機(jī)構(gòu)共同努力，維護(hù)自由、開放、公平、非歧視、透明和可預(yù)測的貿(mào)易投資環(huán)境，以在這樣一個充滿挑戰(zhàn)的時刻推動經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇，抵制任何逆全球化和保護(hù)主義的誘惑。在此背景下，各國政府應(yīng)加倍努力，提升世貿(mào)組織的有效性，包括支持旨在為推進(jìn)世貿(mào)組織改革明確共識的20國集團(tuán)“利雅得倡議”，以及任命一位對世貿(mào)組織改革有明確愿景的新任總干事。我們還鼓勵各國政府和相關(guān)國際機(jī)構(gòu)加強(qiáng)國際宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策協(xié)調(diào)，以應(yīng)對疫情的負(fù)面影響、努力實現(xiàn)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇。我們鼓勵各國政府實施強(qiáng)勁有力的財政貨幣政策以保持匯率穩(wěn)定，更好地協(xié)調(diào)金融監(jiān)管以保持全球金融市場穩(wěn)定，在應(yīng)對疫情中維護(hù)和提高融資透明度，共同保持全球供應(yīng)鏈穩(wěn)定。
我們堅信，全球協(xié)同合作，公共和私營部門的所有利益相關(guān)方共同采取有效措施，必將控制新冠肺炎疫情造成的人員和經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，實現(xiàn)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)復(fù)蘇。
高燕 約翰·丹頓
（簽名） （簽名）
中國國際貿(mào)易促進(jìn)委員會 國際商會
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